Q: What events are there?
A: Slalom, Audio Slalom, Tricks and Jumping

Q: What is slalom?
A: In the slalom event the skier must go around six buoys that are staggered the length of a 259-meter (850-foot) long course while the boat runs down the middle of the course. Each time the skier successfully completes the course, the boat speed is increased by 3 kph (2 mph) until reaching the maximum speed of 55 kph (34 mph) for women and 58 kph (36 mph) for men. After reaching the maximum speed, the skier’s rope length of 18.25m (60’) is shortened by pre-determined increments each successful pass. The skier continues until he or she falls or does not go around a buoy. 

Q: What is audio slalom?
A: Audio Slalom was designed for individuals with visual impairments to create an event similar to slalom as described above. The difference is that the skier turns at the sound of a tone rather than turning around a buoy. The tone is produced by the Audio Slalom Signal Generator (ASSG). The ASSG measures the angle of the rope in relation to the boat path and sounds a tone when the skier has pulled far enough to the outside to simulate a turn around a buoy.

Q: What is tricks skiing?     
A: Trick skiing entails skiing on a short flat bottomed ski that allows the skier to turn sideways to the boat (known as a “side slide”) or ski facing away from the boat (the “180 trick” is called a “front to back” or ”back to front”). Combinations of these moves can be linked together to perform a variety of tricks with multiple turns both on the surface behind the boat or in the air using the wake as a take-off point.

Q: Can I use a wakeboard as a tricks ski?
A: Most sit skiers and a few of the stand-up skiers use wakeboards as a tricks ski. This is allowed in disabled rules. However, in order for the skiers to get full credit for the trick his or her ski can’t be any wider than 30 percent of its length. For example, if a board is 52 inches long it cannot be over 15.6 inches wide (52x.30=15.6).  Furthermore, a fin cannot be used.
 
Q: What is jumping?
A: In the jumping event, the skier skis over a ramp and tries to go the farthest possible in the air and ski away. The ramp is 14 feet wide by 22 feet long. The height of the ramp can be set at 1 meter (3.3’), 1.25m (4’), or 1.5m (5’) and is selected by the skier. 

Q: What type of disabilities do people have who compete and whom do I compete against?
A: A variety of physical disabilities are represented at the national championships. Competition is organized into different “categories” so individuals with similar disabilities compete against one another. An athlete is placed in a category as determined by a “classification” process. Classification is available and mandatory at the national championships and is typically offered on the day before competition begins. 

The different categories for water skiing are:

-Arm (A): Skiers with any arm disability preventing him or her from using the disabled limb.

-Leg (L): Single leg amputees or single leg disabilities skiing on one leg.

-Leg with Prosthesis (LP): Leg amputees skiing with prosthesis.

-Multiple Plegics (MP): Skiers that ski sitting down. Paraplegics, quadriplegics, and double leg amputees comprise the largest number of MP skiers. There are three categories of MP skiers (MP1, MP2 and MP3). General guidelines are as follows:

MP1: Athletes unable to utilise the majority of their trunk musculature and rise from their knees without arm support. They lack full use of their upper extremities. Typically, they do not have adequate grip strength and may utilize their forearms or wrists to hold the handle. This division is comprised mostly of quadriplegics.

MP2: Athletes able to use their upper trunk muscles and raise their body partially from their knees in the skiing position. Typically, they have full use of their upper extremities. This division is comprised mostly of paraplegics, with breaks above T-10 that have poor balance.

MP3: Athletes with good use of the majority of their trunk muscles, possibly including abdominals. Typically, they are able to raise their trunk from their knees in the skiing position and have full use of their upper extremities. This division is comprised mainly of double leg amputees and paraplegics with complete breaks lower than T-12.

-Vision Impaired (VI): Skiers with vision impairments shall be classified as follows, using the best eye with the best possible correction.

V1: No light perception at all in either eye, up to light perception but inability to recognize the shape of a hand at any distance or in any direction. V1 skiers are required to ski wearing “black out” goggles.

V2: From ability to recognize the shape of a hand up to a visual acuity of 2/60 (20/600) and/or a visual field of less than five degrees.

V3: From a visual acuity of 2/60 (20/600) up to a visual acuity of 6/60 (20/200) and/or a visual field of more than 5 degrees and less than 20 degrees. Skiers classified as V2 and V3 will always ski in one single category named V2/3.

-Arm/Leg (A/L): Skiers with significant arm and leg impairment, arm and leg amputation, and hemiplegia are eligible for this category, which may also include skiers with cerebral palsy and other disabilities/conditions.

Q: What do I need to do to be able to compete at the national championships?
A: The national championships are open to skiers with a physical disability. All skiers must be members of USA Water Ski & Wake Sports and have skied a minimum qualifying performance (see below).

Q: How do I join USA Water Ski & Wake Sports?
A: Athletes may sign up on line on the USA Water Ski & Wake Sports website under the Membership heading. You may request a membership application by contacting USA Water Ski & Wake Sports at (863) 324-4341.

Q: How do I qualify to ski in the national championships?
A: In order to enter the jump event, a skier must prove that he or she has successfully landed and skied away from a jump. In order to enter the slalom event, a skier of category A, L, MP1, MP2, MP3 or A/L must prove that he or she has successfully completed a pass on the inner or outer slalom course at any competition speed; a skier of category LP must prove that he or she has successfully completed a pass on the outer slalom course at any competition speed. In order to enter the audio slalom event, a skier of category V1 or V2/3 must prove that he or she has completed a pass on the audio slalom course at any competition speed. In order to enter the tricks event, a skier of category A, LP, MP1, MP2, MP3, V1 or V2/3 must prove that he or she is capable of scoring 200 points; a skier of category L or A/L must prove that he is capable of scoring 50 points. These performances must have been performed during the year of the competition or within two years prior. A new skier shall provide, at registration, a proficiency certificate signed by an official judge, driver, scorer, or coach in which the signatory certifies that he or she has personally observed the skier achieving the qualifying performance successfully in conditions similar to those of a competition. The date of observation must be stated on the certificate. A skier qualified in slalom or tricks may compete in both events even if not qualified in the second event. In order to compete in the jumping event, a skier must prove that he or she has successfully landed a jump as outlined in the above paragraphs.

Q: How do I sign up for the national championships?
A: Contact USA Water Ski & Wake Sports at (863) 324-4341 and ask that a registration packet be sent to you. 
 
Q: Where can I get a copy of the rules?
A: On the “Adaptive” page of the USA Water Ski & Wake Sports website there are links to the International Water Ski & Wakeboard Federation (IWWF) rules and Competition Handbook. The Competition Handbook covers topics such as classification, audio slalom signal devices and rules interpretations as well as listing all world records established to date.